The chemistry behind Airora
Bacteria, Viruses and Vegetative Spores (Mould)
Hydroxyl radicals (hydroxyls) are lethal to pathogenic viruses and bacteria (both gram –ve & +ve), for example Coronaviruses, MRSA, C.difficile, Salmonella, Norovirus, and Flu Virus, both in the air and on surfaces.
The cascade process created by Airora is a condensing process, in that it has zero vapour pressure, therefore viruses, bacteria, particles, other molecules and surfaces in general will be “coated” at a molecular level by the reactants, and the hydroxyl radicals yielded will oxidise the targets.
In general terms hydroxyl radicals kill all types of bacteria and viruses as well as moulds by reacting with the lipids and proteins in their thin, delicate cell membranes, causing lysing (breakdown).
Pathogenic bacteria succumb to hydroxyl radicals because hydroxyls are extremely small (just one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen), and able to pass through the outer cell wall structures of the bacteria where they can oxidise the third membrane responsible for electron transport. This membrane is highly sensitive to oxidation, and minor disruption will render the whole organism non-viable.
Pathogenic viruses suffer from oxidation of their surface structures. The hydroxyl radicals disrupt the lipid envelope and/or capsid (protein shell) around the virus and inactivate the protein used to enter human cells. Hydroxyl radicals also penetrate the interior of the virus and disrupt the genome (RNA/DNA content). These reactions inactivate the virus, rendering it completely harmless and unable to infect humans and animals.
Hydroxyl radicals are incredibly reactive and as the Airora process produces a never-ending supply, so even clumps of cells, thick layers and heavy cell walls (such as TB and spores) will eventually succumb.
The process kills the target organisms in such a way as to maintain their antigen “signature” without viability, which means they can still induce 'passive immunity'.
Humans, animals, insects and even normal skin flora have evolved within an environment that is rich in hydroxyl radicals and are therefore immune to their actions.
Tests at the UK Government’s Health Protection Agency’s Centre for Emergency Preparedness & Response at Porton Down have shown that exposure to hydroxyl radicals created by our technology:
• Killed 99.9999% of airborne test virus (MS2 Coliphage) in less than 5 minutes
• Killed 99.999% of airborne Staphylococcus epidermidis in less than 2 minutes
• Killed 99.9999% of surface concentration of MRSA on glass over a 24 hour period
The cascade process created by Airora is a condensing process, in that it has zero vapour pressure, therefore viruses, bacteria, particles, other molecules and surfaces in general will be “coated” at a molecular level by the reactants, and the hydroxyl radicals yielded will oxidise the targets.
In general terms hydroxyl radicals kill all types of bacteria and viruses as well as moulds by reacting with the lipids and proteins in their thin, delicate cell membranes, causing lysing (breakdown).
Pathogenic bacteria succumb to hydroxyl radicals because hydroxyls are extremely small (just one atom of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen), and able to pass through the outer cell wall structures of the bacteria where they can oxidise the third membrane responsible for electron transport. This membrane is highly sensitive to oxidation, and minor disruption will render the whole organism non-viable.
Pathogenic viruses suffer from oxidation of their surface structures. The hydroxyl radicals disrupt the lipid envelope and/or capsid (protein shell) around the virus and inactivate the protein used to enter human cells. Hydroxyl radicals also penetrate the interior of the virus and disrupt the genome (RNA/DNA content). These reactions inactivate the virus, rendering it completely harmless and unable to infect humans and animals.
Hydroxyl radicals are incredibly reactive and as the Airora process produces a never-ending supply, so even clumps of cells, thick layers and heavy cell walls (such as TB and spores) will eventually succumb.
The process kills the target organisms in such a way as to maintain their antigen “signature” without viability, which means they can still induce 'passive immunity'.
Humans, animals, insects and even normal skin flora have evolved within an environment that is rich in hydroxyl radicals and are therefore immune to their actions.
Tests at the UK Government’s Health Protection Agency’s Centre for Emergency Preparedness & Response at Porton Down have shown that exposure to hydroxyl radicals created by our technology:
• Killed 99.9999% of airborne test virus (MS2 Coliphage) in less than 5 minutes
• Killed 99.999% of airborne Staphylococcus epidermidis in less than 2 minutes
• Killed 99.9999% of surface concentration of MRSA on glass over a 24 hour period
COVID-19 and MS2 Coliphage
While it is not possible at this time (for safety reasons) to test our technology directly against the COVID-19 virus, the CDC has confirmed that Airora's technology destroys ALL types of pathogenic viruses, including those in the coronavirus family (which includes the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus that causes COVID-19), in the air and on surfaces.
This is demonstrated by the testing carried out by Public Health England's microbiologists at Porton Down using MS2 Coliphage as a surrogate. In every test, our process quickly rendered MS2 Coliphage inactive in the air and on surfaces.
The microbiologists at Porton Down use MS2 Coliphage as a gold-standard surrogate for pathogens because it is exceedingly difficult to inactivate. If you can use a process to inactivate MS2 Coliphage then that process would be expected to inactivate all types of pathogenic virus and bacteria. Like all coronaviruses, MS2 is a positive sense single-stranded RNA virus and studies have shown that it is 7 to 10 times more resistant to denaturation (i.e. harder to inactivate) than a coronavirus.
As an example of how hydroxyls inactivate human coronaviruses, the following paper makes specific reference to the role of hydroxyls in inactivating coronaviruses on surfaces, in the same way as they kill other viruses:
Read an example of hydroxyls inactivating human coronaviruses >
This is demonstrated by the testing carried out by Public Health England's microbiologists at Porton Down using MS2 Coliphage as a surrogate. In every test, our process quickly rendered MS2 Coliphage inactive in the air and on surfaces.
The microbiologists at Porton Down use MS2 Coliphage as a gold-standard surrogate for pathogens because it is exceedingly difficult to inactivate. If you can use a process to inactivate MS2 Coliphage then that process would be expected to inactivate all types of pathogenic virus and bacteria. Like all coronaviruses, MS2 is a positive sense single-stranded RNA virus and studies have shown that it is 7 to 10 times more resistant to denaturation (i.e. harder to inactivate) than a coronavirus.
As an example of how hydroxyls inactivate human coronaviruses, the following paper makes specific reference to the role of hydroxyls in inactivating coronaviruses on surfaces, in the same way as they kill other viruses:
Read an example of hydroxyls inactivating human coronaviruses >
